Over the past fifteen years, German consumers’ shopping frequency and impulse purchases have declined, although they remain more quality-conscious and impulsive than their American counterparts. Brands must be adept at…

Along with shoppers in Europe and the U.S., UK consumers have reduced their shopping frequency, become less impulsive, and are shopping at lower-priced retail channels over the past fifteen years.Realizing…

Due to intense retail development over the past fifteen years, Turkish shoppers have shifted away from unorganized outlets such as independent stores and street markets towards specialty retailers. Contrary to…

Although Italians’ affinity for clothes shopping is among the highest globally, they are more pragmatic shoppers. As store displays are the top source of clothing inspiration among Italian consumers, brands…